TY - JOUR
T1 - DNA methylation changes in genes coding for leptin and insulin receptors during metabolic-altered pregnancies
T2 - DNA methylation in LEPR and INSR
AU - Stolzenbach, Francisca
AU - Valdivia, Sharin
AU - Ojeda-Provoste, Patricia
AU - Toledo, Fernando
AU - Sobrevia, Luis
AU - Kerr, Bredford
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2020/2/1
Y1 - 2020/2/1
N2 - The overwhelming rates of obesity worldwide are a major concern due to the elevated medical costs associated and the poor quality of life of obese patients. In the recent years, it has become evident that the intrauterine milieu can have a long-term impact on the foetus health. The placenta is a highly dynamic organ; whose primary function is to carry nutrients from the mother to the foetus and to remove waste products from the foetus. Any alteration in maternal circulating metabolites elicits a response in order to ensure the developing foetus an adequate growth environment. This response can be translated into epigenetic modifications in coding genes for metabolic-related receptors located in the placenta and foetal tissues. The most studied receptors involved in the metabolic sensing are the leptin and the insulin receptors. A maternal metabolic disease-like state can alter the expression of these receptors in different organs, including placenta. There is evidence that these alterations not only affect the expression level of these receptors, but there are also differences in epigenetic marks in regulatory elements of these genes that may become permanent despite the mother's treatment. This review provides evidence about possible mechanisms involved in the foetal programming of metabolic diseases originated from the pre-natal environment that could contributive to increasing levels of obesity in the world.
AB - The overwhelming rates of obesity worldwide are a major concern due to the elevated medical costs associated and the poor quality of life of obese patients. In the recent years, it has become evident that the intrauterine milieu can have a long-term impact on the foetus health. The placenta is a highly dynamic organ; whose primary function is to carry nutrients from the mother to the foetus and to remove waste products from the foetus. Any alteration in maternal circulating metabolites elicits a response in order to ensure the developing foetus an adequate growth environment. This response can be translated into epigenetic modifications in coding genes for metabolic-related receptors located in the placenta and foetal tissues. The most studied receptors involved in the metabolic sensing are the leptin and the insulin receptors. A maternal metabolic disease-like state can alter the expression of these receptors in different organs, including placenta. There is evidence that these alterations not only affect the expression level of these receptors, but there are also differences in epigenetic marks in regulatory elements of these genes that may become permanent despite the mother's treatment. This review provides evidence about possible mechanisms involved in the foetal programming of metabolic diseases originated from the pre-natal environment that could contributive to increasing levels of obesity in the world.
KW - Energy sensing
KW - Epigenetic modifications
KW - Insulin receptor
KW - Leptin receptor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076209880&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.001
DO - 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.001
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31075490
AN - SCOPUS:85076209880
SN - 0925-4439
VL - 1866
JO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease
JF - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease
IS - 2
M1 - 165465
ER -