TY - JOUR
T1 - Life cycle of the cold-water coral Caryophyllia huinayensis
AU - Heran, Thomas
AU - Laudien, Jürgen
AU - Waller, Rhian G.
AU - Häussermann, Verena
AU - Försterra, Günter
AU - González, Humberto E.
AU - Richter, Claudio
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Julian Bartsch, Anita Hartig, Paul Kluwer, Janis Müller and especially Esther Lüdtke and Ulrike Holtz for untiring assistance in the maintenance corals; the staff of Huinay Scientific Field Station for field support. The research is part of the Ph.D. project of T.H. at the University of Bremen, carried out at the Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI). T.H., J.L. and C.R. were supported by AWI (PACES II, and ‘Changing Earth – Sustaining our Future’, Topic 4.2 and 6.1). T.H. received additional financial support by the National Geographic Society, Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD), and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID), Chile. Drawings and images were created by T.H. Jonas Hagemann designed the schematic drawings in Fig. 8. Histological cuts and staining were performed by Petra Kohse-Kordes, Institut für Pathologie, Gesundheit Nord gGmbH, Klinikverbund Bremen, Germany. We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung. Specimens were exported from Chile under CITES permits 14CL000003WS, 14CL000014WS, 15CL000004WS, 19CL000015WS, and imported to Germany under permits E00154/14, E00095/15, E00725/15, and E08854/19. G.F. and V.H. gratefully acknowledge Fondecyt project No. 1201717. H.E.G. acknowledges additional support from Fondap-IDEAL 15150003.
Funding Information:
We thank Julian Bartsch, Anita Hartig, Paul Kluwer, Janis Müller and especially Esther Lüdtke and Ulrike Holtz for untiring assistance in the maintenance corals; the staff of Huinay Scientific Field Station for field support. The research is part of the Ph.D. project of T.H. at the University of Bremen, carried out at the Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI). T.H., J.L. and C.R. were supported by AWI (PACES II, and ‘Changing Earth – Sustaining our Future’, Topic 4.2 and 6.1). T.H. received additional financial support by the National Geographic Society, Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD), and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID), Chile. Drawings and images were created by T.H. Jonas Hagemann designed the schematic drawings in Fig. . Histological cuts and staining were performed by Petra Kohse-Kordes, Institut für Pathologie, Gesundheit Nord gGmbH, Klinikverbund Bremen, Germany. We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung. Specimens were exported from Chile under CITES permits 14CL000003WS, 14CL000014WS, 15CL000004WS, 19CL000015WS, and imported to Germany under permits E00154/14, E00095/15, E00725/15, and E08854/19. G.F. and V.H. gratefully acknowledge Fondecyt project No. 1201717. H.E.G. acknowledges additional support from Fondap-IDEAL 15150003.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - Little is known about the biology of cold-water corals (CWCs), let alone the reproduction and early life stages of these important deep-sea foundation species. Through a three-year aquarium experiment, we described the reproductive mode, larval release periodicity, planktonic stage, larval histology, metamorphosis and post-larval development of the solitary scleractinian CWC Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) huinayensis collected in Comau Fjord, Chilean Patagonia. We found that C. huinayensis is a brooder releasing 78.4 ± 65.9 (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) planula larvae throughout the year, a possible adaptation to low seasonality. Planulae had a length of 905 ± 114 µm and showed a well-developed gastrovascular system. After 8 ± 9.3 days (d), the larvae settled, underwent metamorphosis and developed the first set of tentacles after 2 ± 1.5 d. Skeletogenesis, zooplankton feeding and initiation of the fourth set of tentacles started 5 ± 2.1 d later, 21 ± 12.9 d, and 895 ± 45.9 d after settlement, respectively. Our study shows that the ontogenetic timing of C. huinayensis is comparable to that of some tropical corals, despite lacking zooxanthellae.
AB - Little is known about the biology of cold-water corals (CWCs), let alone the reproduction and early life stages of these important deep-sea foundation species. Through a three-year aquarium experiment, we described the reproductive mode, larval release periodicity, planktonic stage, larval histology, metamorphosis and post-larval development of the solitary scleractinian CWC Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) huinayensis collected in Comau Fjord, Chilean Patagonia. We found that C. huinayensis is a brooder releasing 78.4 ± 65.9 (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) planula larvae throughout the year, a possible adaptation to low seasonality. Planulae had a length of 905 ± 114 µm and showed a well-developed gastrovascular system. After 8 ± 9.3 days (d), the larvae settled, underwent metamorphosis and developed the first set of tentacles after 2 ± 1.5 d. Skeletogenesis, zooplankton feeding and initiation of the fourth set of tentacles started 5 ± 2.1 d later, 21 ± 12.9 d, and 895 ± 45.9 d after settlement, respectively. Our study shows that the ontogenetic timing of C. huinayensis is comparable to that of some tropical corals, despite lacking zooxanthellae.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85148064433&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-023-29620-x
DO - 10.1038/s41598-023-29620-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 36788320
AN - SCOPUS:85148064433
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 13
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 2593
ER -