TY - JOUR
T1 - La inhibicion de los puntos de control inmunologico, una terapia en evolucion
T2 - remembranza del Premio Nobel de Medicina 2018
AU - Cardenas-Oyarzo, Areli M.
AU - Bocchieri-Oyarce, Pamela A.
AU - Mendez-Laport, Cristian R.
AU - Zolezzi, Juan M.
AU - Rios, Juvenal A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Sociedad Medica de Santiago. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Professors James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo were awarded with the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine for their contributions in cancer immunotherapy. The latter is a breakthrough in cancer therapy, aimed to overcome tumor- induced immunosuppression, leading to the reactivation of the immune system against cancer cells. Under physiological conditions, the CTLA-4 and PD-1 proteins expressed on T-cells and discovered by the awarded scientists, lead to immune tolerance. Cancer cells exploit these control points to enhance the inhibition of T-cells. The expression of PD ligands (PD-L1) in tumor cells and CTLA-4 ligands in antigen presenting cells, which bind the PD-1 receptor and CTLA-4 respectively, block anti-tumor immunity. This situation led to a biotechnological race focused on the development of effective antibodies able to "turn-on" the immune system cheated by the tumor. Anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies improve life-expectancy in cancer patients. In this review, we perform an historical overview of Professors Allison and Honjo contribution, as well as the immunological basis of this new and powerful therapeutic strategy, highlighting the clinical benefits of such intervention.
AB - Professors James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo were awarded with the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine for their contributions in cancer immunotherapy. The latter is a breakthrough in cancer therapy, aimed to overcome tumor- induced immunosuppression, leading to the reactivation of the immune system against cancer cells. Under physiological conditions, the CTLA-4 and PD-1 proteins expressed on T-cells and discovered by the awarded scientists, lead to immune tolerance. Cancer cells exploit these control points to enhance the inhibition of T-cells. The expression of PD ligands (PD-L1) in tumor cells and CTLA-4 ligands in antigen presenting cells, which bind the PD-1 receptor and CTLA-4 respectively, block anti-tumor immunity. This situation led to a biotechnological race focused on the development of effective antibodies able to "turn-on" the immune system cheated by the tumor. Anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies improve life-expectancy in cancer patients. In this review, we perform an historical overview of Professors Allison and Honjo contribution, as well as the immunological basis of this new and powerful therapeutic strategy, highlighting the clinical benefits of such intervention.
KW - CTLA-4 Antigen
KW - Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - Nobel Prize
KW - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85134854728&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4067/S0034-98872022000100093
DO - 10.4067/S0034-98872022000100093
M3 - Article
C2 - 35856970
AN - SCOPUS:85134854728
SN - 0034-9887
VL - 150
SP - 93
EP - 99
JO - Revista Medica de Chile
JF - Revista Medica de Chile
IS - 1
ER -