TY - CHAP
T1 - 4D Printing Using Multifunctional Polymeric Materials
T2 - A Review
AU - González-Henríquez, Carmen M.
AU - Rodriguez-Umanzor, Fernando E.
AU - Sarabia-Vallejos, Mauricio A.
AU - Rodriguez-Hernandez, Juan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/1/1
Y1 - 2022/1/1
N2 - The use of 4D printing is, without any doubt, one of the current challenges and also an exciting opportunity to create customized and perfectly defined 3D structures capable of changing their shape according to a particular external stimulus. This article aims to provide a basic and general overview of 4D printing, providing the characteristics and requirements of this technology in comparison with the well-established 3D printing. The most extensively employed materials that include shape memory polymers and hydrogels are also discussed in detail. The last part of this article illustrates, with selected examples, the vast myriad of applications in which 4D printing offers unique opportunities. These include the preparation of origami structures, sensors, and actuators, or particularly in the biomedical area, to prepare fully customized implants capable of adapting to a particular patient׳s needs.
AB - The use of 4D printing is, without any doubt, one of the current challenges and also an exciting opportunity to create customized and perfectly defined 3D structures capable of changing their shape according to a particular external stimulus. This article aims to provide a basic and general overview of 4D printing, providing the characteristics and requirements of this technology in comparison with the well-established 3D printing. The most extensively employed materials that include shape memory polymers and hydrogels are also discussed in detail. The last part of this article illustrates, with selected examples, the vast myriad of applications in which 4D printing offers unique opportunities. These include the preparation of origami structures, sensors, and actuators, or particularly in the biomedical area, to prepare fully customized implants capable of adapting to a particular patient׳s needs.
KW - 4D printing
KW - Active composites
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - Elastomer actuators
KW - Self-assembled origami structures
KW - Shape memory polymers
KW - Smart hydrogels
KW - Soft robotics
KW - Stimuli-responsive materials
KW - Stretchable sensors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151209355&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-820352-1.00168-1
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-820352-1.00168-1
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85151209355
VL - 1-4
SP - 17
EP - 36
BT - Encyclopedia of Materials
PB - Elsevier
ER -